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Buildings consume a lot of natural resources and energy during construction and operation, and are one of the main sources of greenhouse gas emissions. In the context of global response to climate change and the realization of carbon neutrality goals, more and more countries are formulating policies and plans to promote the development of green buildings and promote energy conservation and emission reduction in the building sector.
Green buildings can save resources, protect the environment, reduce pollution, and provide people with healthy, suitable and efficient use space during their entire life cycle. From office buildings to residential areas, from public institutions such as schools to commercial buildings such as shopping malls, green buildings are not only the embodiment of healthy lifestyles, but also the carriers of new technologies. Some countries have made full use of cutting-edge technologies, accelerated the pace of developing green buildings, and helped their countries achieve low-carbon development.
Leading cities in transition to zero-emission buildings
How much carbon emissions can a 27-story building reduce in a year by adopting green technology? The UAE Landmark Group Headquarters Building in Dubai Marina gave the answer: 1,332 tons.
The automatic lighting control system with sunlight collection function is adopted to automatically adjust the indoor lighting according to the illuminance of natural light; the water circulation device with temperature sensor is used, and the annual water consumption is 40% lower than the standard of the International Water Management Union; the intelligent elevator is equipped with an energy regeneration motor, The energy generated by the elevator operation can be stored for secondary use... In the office space of about 450,000 square meters, the Landmark Group Headquarters Building adopts a series of green technologies to improve energy efficiency and minimize carbon footprint. It has become a vigorous development in the UAE The epitome of green building.
In recent years, the UAE has taken a series of measures to lead the transformation of cities towards zero carbon emissions from buildings. In 2007, the UAE promulgated a law requiring all new buildings to comply with environmental protection green building standards, and many cities such as Abu Dhabi, Dubai and Ras Al Khaimah introduced green building policies and regulations to promote the development of green buildings. For example, Abu Dhabi introduced the “Pearl” rating system, where new buildings must be certified at least one level, the first in the Middle East to have a mandatory sustainable building rating system. Dubai operates a green building rating system and new buildings must meet minimum rating requirements. The Dubai government has also developed a green building website that provides rating information and a list of green material suppliers.
The UAE has committed to achieving net zero carbon emissions from all buildings by 2050. In addition to strengthening energy efficiency management for new buildings, the UAE is also actively promoting the green retrofit of existing buildings. Abu Dhabi started green renovation of 150 government buildings last year, providing smart design and energy-saving and water-saving technologies, such as solar rooftop photovoltaic installations, smart meters and thermostats, high-efficiency chillers, etc., and plans to reduce building energy consumption in the next 10 years 22% reduction and 32% reduction in water consumption. The city of Ras Al Khaimah plans to complete the green renovation of 3,000 buildings by the end of 2040 and promote the application of rooftop solar installations.
According to the Green Building Market Briefing published by the UAE Green Building Council in 2020, the total area of green buildings in the UAE is about 64 million square meters. Ali Jasim, Chairman of the UAE Green Building Council, said: "With more and more buildings complying with green building regulations, the UAE is making steady progress towards its goal of achieving net zero carbon buildings by 2050."
Green Certification Drives Building Sustainability
Inside the Singapore Academy of Construction, there is a refurbished zero-energy building. From a distance, the roof and exterior walls are covered with layers of greenery, which is full of greenery. Walking into the building, you will find that the energy-saving design here is ingenious.
Doors and windows are installed with low-emissivity glass, which can reduce solar radiation transmitted through the glass; the lighting system makes full use of energy-saving lamps, photoelectric sensor automatic switching and daylighting to reduce energy consumption; the air conditioning system adopts advanced coolers, variable speed drives and personalized ventilation equipment , energy consumption is reduced by about 40%; equipment is controlled through an integrated management system, which can automatically optimize energy use... As a flagship project of Singapore's green building master plan, this building can save about S$84,000 per year (approximately S$1 4.8 yuan) energy costs.
With limited land and natural resources and dense urban population in Singapore, green buildings are essential for sustainable development and one of the main means for the city to reduce long-term carbon emissions. The Singapore government has pledged to reduce its greenhouse gas emissions intensity by 36% from 2005 levels by 2030. Encouraging the development of green buildings is an important initiative.
In 2005, the Singapore Building and Construction Authority launched the Green Building Mark Certification Scheme to assess the negative impact of buildings on the environment, put forward assessment standards for buildings such as energy saving, water saving, environmental protection, and indoor environmental quality, and assess the performance of sustainable development. Buildings are rewarded. As of the end of 2020, 43% of buildings in Singapore were Green Mark certified. The Singapore government has set a target to increase the proportion of green buildings to 80% by 2030.
A series of laws, regulations and incentives have been introduced to promote Singapore's transition to a more sustainable, low-carbon environment. In 2006, the Building and Construction Authority of Singapore launched the Green Building Master Plan, which combined laws, regulations and incentives to promote the construction industry to move closer to the new green building standards. From encouraging greening of new buildings to incorporating existing buildings into the green scope, the master blueprint for green buildings is constantly being updated. With the development of new technologies, Singapore has proposed an ultra-low energy plan to encourage the use of state-of-the-art energy-efficient building solutions such as IoT smart energy management systems, big data analytics and advanced sensors.
School energy conservation will become a "living teaching material" for environmental education
From September 2019 to August 2020, a high-profile test was conducted at Mizunami North Middle School in Mizunami City, Gifu Prefecture, Japan, and it was finally found that the school's 8,090-square-meter school building reached zero-emission standards, becoming the first in Japan. A zero-emission primary and secondary school campus.
Using natural ventilation, the building has high heat insulation and high air tightness, and maintains a suitable indoor temperature; uses natural lighting and geothermal heat, and is equipped with high-efficiency lighting and air conditioning systems; uses solar energy, wind power, etc. to generate electricity to increase the proportion of renewable energy; Energy management with environmental monitors... The school building uses a range of clean and digital technologies, making it an important attempt at zero-emission buildings in Japan.
In 2016, the Japanese government proposed that half of the new buildings will be zero-emission buildings by 2030. Data show that in 2019, the carbon emissions of Japanese residences, office buildings and other buildings were 352 million tons, accounting for 34.4% of Japan's domestic carbon emissions, second only to the industrial sector. Japanese public opinion believes that in order to achieve the carbon neutrality goal of 2050, Japan needs to take measures to reduce the carbon emissions of buildings. In Japan's green growth strategy announced at the end of 2020, residential buildings are among 14 key areas to promote greenhouse gas reduction.
On June 3, Japan proposed the "Resolution Plan for Housing and Buildings to Realize a Decarbonized Society", which stipulates that the Japanese national and local governments should install solar power generation equipment when constructing public buildings such as schools, cultural facilities, and government buildings. It will also unify the standards for solar power generation equipment. On June 9, the Japanese government announced that by 2030, more than 100 "pilot regions" across the country will be carbon neutral, and buildings such as public facilities across the country will be installed with solar panels.
At present, the Japanese government has begun to study the decarbonization of public primary and secondary school buildings. Measures include the use of high-performance insulation materials on roofs and external walls, the use of double-glazed windows, the use of natural light as much as possible, and the use of human sensors. LED lights for sensors, effective use of solar energy, etc. Japan's "Yomiuri Shimbun" said that for about 28,500 public primary and secondary schools across the country, energy conservation in school buildings will become a "living textbook" for students to educate students about environmental protection. If energy-saving school buildings are promoted in various places, the environmental awareness of Japanese residents will also be improved.
[Source: Chinanews]
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